Grade 4 Science · Energy in motion

Speed, Ramps and Crashes: Energy in Motion

Send toy cars down ramps, watch what happens when they crash, and discover how the speed of an object is tied to its energy.

Section 1 · Speed and energy

The faster it goes, the more energy it has

By the end of this section I can explain that a faster object has more energy — so I can predict which toy car will push a block further.

Success criteria 0 / 3 ticked

Tick each one when you can do it without help.

1A Faster means more energy

Anything that is moving has energy of motion. A rolling toy car, a thrown ball, a running child — all have energy because they are moving.

Energy of motion

motion energyspeedenergy

The faster an object moves, the more energy it has. A car rolling at 8 speed units has more energy than the same car rolling at 3 speed units.

Comparing two cars

Car X rolls at 2 speed units. slow
Car Y rolls at 6 speed units. faster
Car Y has more energy. it is moving faster

Interactive · raise the ramp, watch the speed and crash energy

3

Check yourself

Car A rolls at 3 speed units and Car B rolls at 8 speed units. Which car has more energy?

Think about which car is moving faster — faster means more energy.
Car B is moving faster (8 > 3), so Car B has more energy.

A car moves at 10 speed units. The same car moves at 4 speed units. The faster car has ______ energy than the slower one.

The faster object always has more energy of motion.
At 10 speed units the car has more energy than at 4 speed units.

1B Higher ramp, faster car

Where you start a car on a ramp matters. A car released from higher up speeds up for longer, so it reaches the bottom moving faster — and with more energy.

Ramps and height

heightspeedramp

Start a car at height 1 and it rolls slowly. Start the same car at height 7 and it rolls much faster. Greater height → greater speed → greater energy.

Same car, two heights

Height 2 → speed 2 units. low start
Height 5 → speed 5 units. higher start
The height-5 car has more energy. it is faster at the bottom

Check yourself

A car starts from height 2 on a ramp. The same car starts from height 7. From which height does it roll faster?

A higher start gives the car more time to speed up on the way down.
Height 7 is higher than height 2, so the car reaches a greater speed — and has more energy.

You want a toy car to crash into a block with the most energy possible. Do you start it low or high on the ramp?

A higher start means a faster car, which means more energy.
Start the car high on the ramp so it speeds up more and carries more energy into the crash.

Section 2 · Collisions and energy transfer

When objects collide, energy moves

By the end of this section I can describe how energy is transferred when objects collide — so I can predict how far a crashed-into block will move.

Success criteria 0 / 3 ticked

Tick each one when you can do it without help.

2A Energy moves in collisions

When a moving car crashes into a block, the car's energy of motion doesn't just disappear — it gets transferred to the block, making the block move.

Transfer of energy

collisiontransfermotion

A faster car carries more energy, so in a crash it transfers more energy to the block — and the block moves further.

Crashing into a block

Car hits block at speed 4 → block moves 8 cm. some energy transferred
Same car hits at speed 8 → block moves 16 cm. more energy transferred
Faster car → more energy → block moves further. energy moved from car to block

Interactive · change the car's speed, see how far the block moves

4

Check yourself

A car hits a block at speed 3 and the block moves 6 cm. The same car hits at speed 7. Will the block move more or less than 6 cm?

A faster car carries more energy to transfer to the block.
Speed 7 is faster than 3, so more energy is transferred and the block moves more than 6 cm.

A fast car scatters a stack of cups far across the floor. A slow car barely moves them. The fast car had ______ energy than the slow car.

The further the cups scatter, the more energy was transferred to them.
The fast car scattered the cups further, so it carried more energy than the slow car.

2B Energy changes form in a crash

Energy doesn't only move from object to object — it can change form. In a crash, some motion energy becomes sound (the bang) and heat (warm parts).

Energy changing form

motionsoundheat

When a toy car hits a wall and stops, its motion energy is not gone — some became the sound of the crash and some became heat in the bumper.

A car hits a wall

Car rolls → has motion energy. it is moving
Car hits wall → you hear a loud clack. motion → sound
Bumper feels warm. motion → heat

Check yourself

In a crash you hear a loud bang. The car's motion energy changed into ______ energy.

What you hear in a crash is a form of energy you detect with your ears.
A loud bang is sound energy — the car's motion energy changed into sound.

After a crash a car's bumper feels warm to touch. Motion energy changed into ______ energy.

The warmth you feel after a crash is a form of energy related to temperature.
A warm bumper shows heat energy — some motion energy changed into heat in the crash.

This lesson took 60 seconds to make. Make one about YOUR kid's obsession, free.

Same Grade 4 Science outcomes, rebuilt around whatever your child is into this week - dinosaurs, Minecraft, horses, you name it.

Make your own lesson

This is a fixed example. Sprout writes a fresh, personalised lesson around your child every time - the example is the ad, the product is the personalisation.